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Fig. 4 | The Journal of Headache and Pain

Fig. 4

From: Provocation of attacks to discover migraine signaling mechanisms and new drug targets: early history and future perspectives - a narrative review

Fig. 4

The headache provocation model using sildenafil, an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 orally. Headache is scored 0–10. The curve is monophasic without distinction between immediate and delayed headache. However, after hours the headache fulfilled diagnostic criteria for a migraine without aura attack. Modified from [82]

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