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Fig. 1 | The Journal of Headache and Pain

Fig. 1

From: Occurrence of new or more severe headaches following COVID-19 is associated with markers of microglial activation and peripheral sensitization: results from a prospective cohort study

Fig. 1

Flow chart of patients for analysing biomarker after COVID-19 infection. A total of 184 patients participated in the PoCoRe study conducted at University Medicine of Greifswald. To investigate headaches occurring after COVID-19 infection, 108 patients with a history of headaches were initially selected. They were then re-evaluated using standardized headache interview criteria based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition, resulting in a subset of 93 patients. These patients experienced either unchanged preexisting headaches (n = 18), more severe pre-existing headaches (n = 17), or new headache disorders following COVID-19 (n = 46). Unexpectedly, some patients neither reported post-COVID-19 headaches nor had a history of headaches during the interviews, leading to the identification of a fourth group comprising patients without any headaches (n = 12)

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