Table 3 Multivariate analyses of associations between headache types and demographic variables

Gender

Male

reference

reference

reference

reference

Female

3.3 [2.6–4.2]

p < 0.001

1.1 [0.9–1.3]

p = 0.41

5.1 [2.1–15.3]

p < 0.001

2.5 [1.5–4.6]

p = 0.001

Age (years)

18–25

reference

reference

reference

reference

26–35

1.1 [0.8–1.6]

p = 0.48

1.2 [0.8–1.6]

p = 0.38

1.9 [0.6–7.3]

p = 0.30

0.9 [0.4–1.9]

p = 0.76

36–45

1.4 [1.0-2.1]

p = 0.09

1.0 [0.7–1.5]

p = 0.85

2.4 [0.8–9.5]

p = 0.16

0.8 [0.4–1.8]

p = 0.55

46–55

1.4 [0.9–2.2]

p = 0.10

0.8 [0.5–1.2]

p = 0.22

2.1 [0.6–9.2]

p = 0.26

0.8 [0.3–1.9]

p = 0.59

56–65

0.9 [0.5–1.4]

p = 0.52

0.9 [0.6–1.4]

p = 0.71

1.9 [0.5–8.7]

p = 0.34

0.5 [0.2–1.3]

p = 0.17

Habitation

Urban

reference

reference

reference

reference

Rural

1.2 [1.0-1.6]

p = 0.10

0.9 [0.7–1.2]

p = 0.49

2.4 [1.2–5.2]

p = 0.02

1.6 [0.9–2.7]

p = 0.09

Marital status

Single

reference

reference

reference

reference

Married

0.9 [0.6–1.3]

p = 0.61

0.8 [0.6–1.1]

p = 0.21

3.1 [0.5–61.1]

p = 0.30

1.4 [0.6–3.5]

p = 0.41

Widowed, separated or divorced

0.6 [0.4–1.1]

p = 0.13

0.9 [0.5–1.6]

p = 0.76

1.3 [0.1–29.5]

p = 0.82

2.6 [0.8–7.9]

p = 0.09

Education level

Illiterate

1.2 [0.7–1.9]

p = 0.59

1.4 [0.9–2.2]

p = 0.20

2.4 [0.5–18.6]

p = 0.35

3.0 [0.7–21.2]

p = 0.19

Primary school

1.3 [0.6–2.5]

p = 0.51

1.8 [0.9–3.3]

p = 0.08

0.5 [0.0-6.4]

p = 0.60

5.4 [1.0-41.2]

p = 0.06

Middle school

1.1 [0.7–1.8]

p = 0.75

1.4 [0.9–2.2]

p = 0.14

1.2 [0.2–9.1]

p = 0.86

2.9 [0.7–19.6]

p = 0.20

High school

1.1 [0.7–1.8]

p = 0.67

1.2 [0.8–1.9]

p = 0.32

1.3 [0.3–9.9]

p = 0.79

4.2 [1.1–28.7]

p = 0.07

Intermediate or post high school

1.1 [0.7–1.8]

p = 0.74

1.6 [1.1–2.5]

p = 0.02

0.5 [0.1–4.7]

p = 0.51

2.3 [0.5–16.3]

p = 0.32

Graduate or post graduate

1.3 [0.9–1.8]

p = 0.20

1.5 [1.0-2.2]

p = 0.03

1.1 [0.2-8.0]

P = 0.93

3.8 [1.1–24.9]

p = 0.08

Profession or honours

reference

reference

reference

reference

Household income (INR)

< 150,000

1.5 [0.9–2.5]

p = 0.10

1.2 [0.8–1.9]

p = 0.46

3.6 [0.5–74.3]

p = 0.28

1.5 [0.5-6.0]

p = 0.52

150,000-299,999

1.1 [0.7–1.8]

p = 0.65

1.4 [0.9–2.2]

p = 0.10

3.0 [0.4–62.1]

p = 0.34

1.2 [0.4–4.8]

p = 0.73

300,000-499,999

1.1 [0.7–1.8]

p = 0.66

1.3 [0.8–1.9]

p = 0.27

2.4 [0.3–48.6]

p = 0.46

0.9 [0.3–3.7]

p = 0.91

500,000-659,999

0.6 [0.4–1.2]

p = 0.15

1.8 [1.1–2.9]

p = 0.02

2.2 [0.2–49.7]

p = 0.55

0.8 [0.1–3.6]

p = 0.72

650,000-999,999

0.7 [0.4–1.3]

p = 0.28

1.1 [0.7–1.8]

p = 0.65

2.2 [0.2–48.0]

p = 0.53

0.9 [0.2–3.9]

p = 0.88

> 1,000,000

reference

reference

reference

reference