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Fig. 3 | The Journal of Headache and Pain

Fig. 3

From: Safety and feasibility of deep brain stimulation of the anterior cingulate and thalamus in chronic refractory neuropathic pain: a pilot and randomized study

Fig. 3

Evolution of main cognitive and affective performances along the study compared to baseline. The graphs indicate the differences of scores between baseline and every other time of measure. Indiviuals patients’ values are indicated by blue points, mean are displayed by red points. No patient showed a variation in performance greater than two standart deviations. Executive function score has been computed by the mean of standardized scores of several test including: the Trail Making Test B, Stroop interference, Stroop Interference– Naming, Six Elements, Phonological fluency, Categorical fluency, Modified Wisconsin card sorting test– perseverative error, Brixton, Double task. Episodic memory has been computed by the mean of standardized scores of the Free recalls 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the Free and Selective Cued Recall Test. The working memory score has been computed by the mean of standardized scores of WAIS IV digit span subtest. The score assessing the “Theory of Mind” has been computed as the mean of standardized score of the Reading the mind in the eyes test. The Emotion Recognition score has been computed as the mean of standardized score of the Facial expression of emotion, stimuli and test (FEEST). Apathy has been assessed by the Lille Apathy Rating Scale

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The Journal of Headache and Pain

ISSN: 1129-2377

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