Table 1 Baseline characteristics of included studies
Author, year, location | Design | Number of endometriosis cases | Endometriosis diagnostic method | Number of controls | Migraine diagnostic method | Result N (%) with migraine | Adjustment factors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ferrero et al. 2004, Italy [7] | Cross-sectional | 133 | Laparoscopy and histology | 166 | Clinical by neurologist | Exposure: 51 (38.3%) Control: 25 (15.1%)* Migraine without aura: Exposure: 33 (24.8%) Control: 23 (13.9%) Migraine with aura: Exposure: 18 (13.5%) Control: 2 (1.2%) | N/A |
Gete et al. 2023, Australia [42] | Prospective cohort | 1,149 | Self-reported | 6,457 | Self-reported | Exposure: 682 (59%) Control: 3,312 (51%)* | Age, residence, marital status, education, income, smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, BMI, parity, use of hormonal therapy |
Karamustafaoglu et al. 2019, Turkey [44] | Cross-sectional | 114 | Laparoscopy | 97 | Questionnaire | Exposure: 51 (69%) Control: 26 (43%)* | N/A |
Maitrot et al. 2020, France [49] | Case-control | 182 | Laparoscopy and histology | 132 | Questionnaire | Exposure: 64 (35.2%) Control: 23 (17.4%)* Migraine without aura: Exposure: 55 (30.2%) Control: 17 (12.9%) Migraine with aura: Exposure: 9 (4.9%) Control: 6 (4.5%) | Age, BMI, and family history of migraine |
Miller et al. 2018, USA [5] | Cross-sectional | 296 | Laparoscopy | 95 | Self-reported | Exposure: 205 (87.2%) Control: 30 (12.8%) | Age, race, use of hormonal therapy |
Mirkin et al. 2007, USA [41] | Retrospective cohort | 40,150 MY | ICD codes | 7,144,896 MY | ICD codes | Exposure: 8.9% Control: 4%* | N/A |
Nyholt et al. 2009, Australia [40] | Cross-sectional | 767 | Self-reported | 164 | Telephone interview | Exposure: 285 (37%) Control: 50 (30%) | N/A |
Stratton et al. 2015, USA [45] | Cross-sectional | 18 | Laparoscopy and histology | 20 | Structured interview | Exposure: 11 (61%) Control: 0* | N/A |
Sultana et al. 2024, Bangladesh [43] | Case-control | 190 | Laparoscopy or laparotomy | 190 | Clinical by neurologist | Exposure: 27 (14.2%) Control: 5 (2.6%)* | Age, BMI |
Tietjen et al. 2007, USA [46] | Cross-sectional | 46 | Self-report of laparoscopy | 229 | Clinical by neurologist | Exposure: 36 (78.3%) Control: 127 (55.5%) | N/A |
Tietjen et al. 2006, USA [4] | Case-control | 16 | Self-report of laparoscopy | 86 | Clinical by neurologist | Exposure: 14 (87.5%) Control: 36 (41.9%) | N/A |
Wu et al. 2018, Taiwan [47] | Retrospective cohort | 9,191 | ICD codes | 27,573 | ICD codes | Exposure: 398 (4.3%) Control: 36 (41.9%)** | N/A |
Wu et al. 2022, China [48] | Case-control | 167 | Laparoscopy | 190 | Clinical by neurologist | Exposure: 50 (29.9%) Control: 23 (12.1%)* Migraine without aura: Exposure: 49 (29.3%) Control: 23 (12.1%) Migraine with aura: Exposure: 1 (0.6%) Control: 0 | N/A |
Yang et al. 2012, Taiwan [6] | Retrospective cohort | 20,220 | ICD codes | 263,767 | ICD codes | Exposure: 985 (4.9%) Control: 7,701 (2.9%)* | Age, use of hormonal therapy |